This report outlines targeted entry points to be considered for mitigating adverse impacts associated
with the rise of Border Carbon Adjustments (BCAs), with a particular focus on managing their effects
in South Africas. The proposed interventions aim to safeguard and enhance South Africa’s access to
export markets while supporting the country’s transition toward a low-carbon, competitive economy.
Interventions are grouped into four pathways, anchored by a foundational “no-regret” assumption:
institutional arrangements must be established, and awareness of climate-trade dynamics must be
significantly elevated across government, industry, labour, and civil society. Given the complexity of
these interventions, a comprehensive and coordinated approach is essential to engage and align all
stakeholders